Cancer is one of the leading causes of death all over the world. Now days, most emphasized work is to develop a medicine that can cure cancer from its root. Many eminent scientists are burning the midnight oil to find the target for which a lead can be generated and later on developed into a safe and efficacious medicine. In their endeavor, p53 has come up as a prime target for drug development. Currently, around 11 million people are living with tumour having mutation of TP53 and another 11 million have tumour with partially abrogated p53 pathway. p53 is a transcription factor that has essential role in guarding cell in response to various stress signals through induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis etc. p53 is under precise control of many regulator proteins like MDM2, CBP/p300, p14ARF, c-Abl and many more. From the downstream and regulatory pathways of p53, many targets for the drug development are derived and has been set forth for the clinical study in which both macro and micro molecules are involved. In addition to that, gene therapy has also shown its efficacy. p53 recombinant adenovirus-based gene therapy has been approved in China(Gendicine®), but remains in extended preregistration trials in US(Advexin®). At present, most of this knowledge is confined to the bench, but as more discoveries of the underlying mechanisms come into light, p53 will become increasingly important at the bedside and which may pave the path of the drugs targeting p53 to the market.
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